Alteración en la memoria de trabajo tras enfermedad vascular cerebral: una revisión sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18270/chps..v21i1.3533Palabras clave:
Memoria de trabajo, Enfermedad vascular cerebral, Heminegligencia visoespacial, Arteria carótida, CerebeloResumen
Las alteraciones neurológicas como la Enfermedad Vascular Cerebral (EVC) disminuyen la habilidad de mantener y, simultáneamente, procesar información para usar en tareas complejas. Esta habilidad se conoce como Memoria de Trabajo (MT). La MT es fundamental para la selección y atención de información relevante, así como para filtrar estímulos distractores, funciones también conocidas como control atencional. Así mismo, la MT involucra procesos relacionados con dividir la atención en varias tareas, actualizar y monitorear información de tipo verbal y visoespacial, e inhibir respuestas impulsivas. Aunque se ha desarrollado investigación sobre la MT desde hace más de 40 años, aún es necesario realizar un estudio de revisión sistemática que permita conocer con claridad las alteraciones de la MT después de una EVC. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este artículo es presentar los hallazgos más significativos reportados en la literatura. Para ello, se plantea una ecuación de búsqueda que se aplica en la base de datos de Web of Science (WoS) entre enero de 2010 y enero de 2018. Los resultados mostraron tres enfoques, relacionados con estudios sobre MT por heminegligencia visoespacial, alteración de la arteria carótida y EVC en el cerebelo.
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