Sobre el concepto de leyes de la naturaleza en Isaac Newton
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18270/rcfc.v16i32.1827Palabras clave:
Isaac Newton, Leyes naturales, Filosofía natural, Filosofía de la ciencia, Siglo XVIIResumen
El propósito de este artículo es, de un lado, esclarecer los usos por parte de Newton del concepto de Ley Natural (LN), a la luz de los problemas y tradiciones disponibles para él –principalmente, del cartesianismo, las filosofías experimentales inglesas y las tradiciones mágicas y alquímicas– y, de otro lado, señalar las transformaciones que realiza sobre este concepto de raíz cartesiana en sus dos principales obras –los Principia y la Opticks. Como conclusión de lo anterior, mostraré que este concepto de LN permite afirmar como una “cuestión de hecho” la existencia de las entidades postuladas en las LN, aunque se desconozcan sus propiedades o cualidades o incluso su causa. Aspectos importantes de este concepto de LN se identifican tradicionalmente como legado de la revolución científica y, por tanto, su aplicación retrospectiva a Galileo, Kepler o Boyle, entre otros, constituye una clara indicación del anacronismo que resulta de la carencia de estudios históricos sobre el concepto de LN; su esclarecimiento permite, de otro lado, arrojar luces sobre la expansión y desarrollo del newtonianismo en el siglo XVIII.
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