Aspectos éticos frente al inicio o la suspensión de terapia antibiótica en pacientes al final de la vida
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18270/bp.v1i1.4101Palabras clave:
antibióticos, antibacterianos, autonomía, bioética, calidad de vida, cuidados paliativos, enfermedad crónicaResumen
Propósito/Contexto. El incremento de las enfermedades crónicas en estadio avanzado e incurable, en particular del cáncer, ha aumentado las necesidades de acompañamiento por equipos de cuidados paliativos, orientados a brindar confort y mejorar la calidad de vida; aunque el uso de algunas medidas orientadas al control sintomático se considera controversial.
Metodología/Enfoque. Está revisión está orientada a reflexionar sobre el dilema ético que se presenta en pacientes al final de la vida, relacionado con la conveniencia de iniciar, continuar o retirar el manejo antibiótico con referencia el marco ético de los principios de Beauchamp y Childress.
Resultados/Hallazgos. Diferentes estudios han encontrado que, en promedio, el 74 % de los pacientes con cáncer avanzado que son hospitalizados reciben manejo con antibióticos durante la última semana de vida y son escasos los estudios que han logrado demostrar el impacto positivo en el control sintomático y la recuperación del paciente con la implementación de esta medida.
Discusión/Conclusiones/Contribuciones. La proporcionalidad terapéutica debe relacionarse con el ejercicio de autonomía médica para definir si una intervención es fútil.
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