Behavior of venous thromboembolic disease in a hospital center in the city of Popayán, Colombia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18270/rsb.v11i1.3351Keywords:
pulmonary embolism, venous thrombosis, prevalence, risk factors, anticoagulation, thrombolysisAbstract
Introduction: Venous thromboembolic disease is the third cause of cardiovascular disease, being a public health problem due to the burden of the disease and its costs. There are no epidemiological studies that describe the joint behavior of the events in southwestern Colombia. The objective of the present article is to determine the prevalence, sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and complications of the disease in patients from a hospital in the city of Popayán. Materials and methods: descriptive, observational and retrospective study, with patients aged 18 years of age or over and a diagnosis of VTE were taken as the population. Results: The prevalence was 0.008%. From 120 patients with venous thromboembolic disease, the mean age was 61.53 years, the majority were female and from Popayán. The most frequent risk factor was an age of 40 years or over (80%). The most frequent symptom in patients with deep venous thrombosis was lower limb edema (79.1%), and the Doppler ultrasound was the diagnostic technique used in 100%. Dyspnea (76.19%) was more frequent in patients with pulmonary thromboembolism, with a normal electrocardiogram and the x-rays showing pleural effusion in the majority, and angiotomography (90.02%) was the most widely used diagnostic technique. 79.2% presented thromboembolic protection with mostly low molecular weight heparin, 27.5% had at least one complication, mortality was present in 5.8% and the percentage of readmissions was 17.5%. Conclusions: the premature identification of risk factors, signs, and symptoms allows early diagnostic and intervention to reduce the progression of complications, recurrences and readmissions.
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