Desempeño Intelectual en el Síndrome de Asperger
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18270/chps..v2020i1.3277Palabras clave:
Síndrome de Asperger, Autismo de alto funcionamiento, Escala Wechsler, desempeño cognitivoResumen
El propósito de este artículo fue determinar el desempeño de 25 niños y adolescentes con Síndrome de Asperger (SA) y autismo de alto funcionamiento (AAF) en tareas manipulativas y verbales, lo cual puede constituir un marcador clínico sensible en la diferenciación de subtipos de los trastornos del espectro autista (TEA). El perfil intelectual de los participantes se analizó a través de la Escala Wechsler de Inteligencia (WISC-IV). Este estudio permitió identificar cambios en el funcionamiento intelectual, verbal, perceptual, memoria y velocidad de procesamiento entre los grupos AS y AAF. Así mismo, supuso un avance en la evaluación de marcadores subclínicos distintivos dentro del SA involucrados en el desempeño cognitivo, lo cual remodela procesos de evaluación e intervención en este tipo de población.
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Referencias bibliográficas
American Psychiatric Association (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5a. ed) Washington, DC EE. UU.
Ghaziuddin, M., & Mountain-Kimchi, K. (2004) Defining the intellectual profile of Asperger Syndrome: comparison with high-functioning autism. Journal of autism and developmental disorders 34, 279-84. doi:10.1023 / b: jadd.0000029550.19098.77
Gillberg, I.C., Helles, A., Billstedt, E. & Gillberg, C. (2016). Boys with Asperger Syndrome Grow Up: Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Disorders 20 Years After Initial Diagnosis. Journal of autism and developmental disorders 46(1), 74-82. doi: 10.1007/s10803-015-2544-0
Hayashi, M., Kato, M., Igarashi, K., & Kashima, H. (2008). Superior fluid intelligence in children with Asperger’s disorder. Brain and cognition. 66(3), 306-310. doi: 10.1016/j.bandc.2007.09.008.
Kanai, C., Hashimoto, R., Itahashi, T., Tani, M., Yamada, T., Ota, H, Iwanami, A., & Nobumasa, K. (2017) Cognitive profiles of adults with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder and those with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder based on the WAIS-III. Research in developmental disabilities 61, 108-115. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2016.12.008.
Lewis, F.M., Murdoch, B.E., & Woodyatt, G.C. (2007) Communicative competence and metalinguistic ability: performance by children and adults with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 37(8), 1525-38. doi: 10.1007/s10803-006-0265-0.
Merchan-Naranjo, J., Mayoral, M., Rapado-Castro, M., Llorente, C., Boada, L., Arango, C., & Parellada, M. (2012) Estimation of the intelligence quotient using Wechsler Intelligence Scales in children and adolescents with Asperger syndrome. Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 42(1), 116-22. doi:
10.1007/s10803-011-1219-8.
Miller, J.N., & Ozonoff, S. (2000) The external validity of Asperger disorder: lack of evidence from the domain of neuropsychology. Journal of abnormal psychology, 109(2), 227-38. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10895561/
Nader, A.M.,, Jelenic, P., & Soulieres, I. (2015). Discrepancy between WISC-III and WISC-IV Cognitive Profile in Autism Spectrum: What Does It Reveal about Autistic Cognition?. PloS One, 10(12). doi: 10.1371/ journal.pone.0144645.
Speirs, S., Yelland, G., Rinehart, N., & Tonge, B. (2011) Lexical processing in individuals with high-functioning autism and Asperger’s disorder. Autism. The International Journal of Research and Practice, 15(3),307-325. doi: 10.1177/1362361310386501.
Watkins, M.W., & Smith, L.G. (2013) Long-term stability of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-- Fourth Edition. Psychological assessment, 25(2), 477-83. doi: 10.1037/a0031653.
Ghaziuddin, M., & Mountain-Kimchi, K. (2004) Defining the intellectual profile of Asperger Syndrome: comparison with high-functioning autism. Journal of autism and developmental disorders 34, 279-84. doi:10.1023 / b: jadd.0000029550.19098.77
Gillberg, I.C., Helles, A., Billstedt, E. & Gillberg, C. (2016). Boys with Asperger Syndrome Grow Up: Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Disorders 20 Years After Initial Diagnosis. Journal of autism and developmental disorders 46(1), 74-82. doi: 10.1007/s10803-015-2544-0
Hayashi, M., Kato, M., Igarashi, K., & Kashima, H. (2008). Superior fluid intelligence in children with Asperger’s disorder. Brain and cognition. 66(3), 306-310. doi: 10.1016/j.bandc.2007.09.008.
Kanai, C., Hashimoto, R., Itahashi, T., Tani, M., Yamada, T., Ota, H, Iwanami, A., & Nobumasa, K. (2017) Cognitive profiles of adults with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder and those with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder based on the WAIS-III. Research in developmental disabilities 61, 108-115. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2016.12.008.
Lewis, F.M., Murdoch, B.E., & Woodyatt, G.C. (2007) Communicative competence and metalinguistic ability: performance by children and adults with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 37(8), 1525-38. doi: 10.1007/s10803-006-0265-0.
Merchan-Naranjo, J., Mayoral, M., Rapado-Castro, M., Llorente, C., Boada, L., Arango, C., & Parellada, M. (2012) Estimation of the intelligence quotient using Wechsler Intelligence Scales in children and adolescents with Asperger syndrome. Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 42(1), 116-22. doi:
10.1007/s10803-011-1219-8.
Miller, J.N., & Ozonoff, S. (2000) The external validity of Asperger disorder: lack of evidence from the domain of neuropsychology. Journal of abnormal psychology, 109(2), 227-38. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10895561/
Nader, A.M.,, Jelenic, P., & Soulieres, I. (2015). Discrepancy between WISC-III and WISC-IV Cognitive Profile in Autism Spectrum: What Does It Reveal about Autistic Cognition?. PloS One, 10(12). doi: 10.1371/ journal.pone.0144645.
Speirs, S., Yelland, G., Rinehart, N., & Tonge, B. (2011) Lexical processing in individuals with high-functioning autism and Asperger’s disorder. Autism. The International Journal of Research and Practice, 15(3),307-325. doi: 10.1177/1362361310386501.
Watkins, M.W., & Smith, L.G. (2013) Long-term stability of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-- Fourth Edition. Psychological assessment, 25(2), 477-83. doi: 10.1037/a0031653.
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Publicado
2020-11-06
Cómo citar
Zapata Zabala, M. E., Beltran Dulcey, C., Martinez Pérez., J., & Cuartas, J. M. (2020). Desempeño Intelectual en el Síndrome de Asperger. Cuadernos Hispanoamericanos De Psicología, 20(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.18270/chps.v2020i1.3277
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