Farmacoterapéutica de la anticoagulación. Revisión de la literatura

Autores/as

  • Andrés Felipe Posada-López Centros Especializados de San Vicente Fundación (CESVF) Rionegro, Antioquia
  • Julio César García C., Grupo de Investigación Evidencia Terapéutica, Universidad de La Sabana. Chía, Colombia.
  • Tatiana Pacheco P. Universidad de La Sabana. Bogotá, Colombia.
  • Sara Arias V. Estudiante de Medicina. Interno júnior, Servicio de Farmacología Clínica, Universidad de La Sabana. Bogotá, Colombia.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18270/rce.v14i12.2029

Palabras clave:

Coagulacion, Anticoagulantes, Agregación plaquetaria, Warfarina, Heparina, Heparina de bajo peso muscular, terapeutica

Resumen

La terapia anticoagulante tiene múltiples indicaciones en diversos contextos; va más allá de la prevención de la formación de trombos o su propagación y tiene como objetivo final mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes. En efecto, la anticoagulación se hace relevante en diversas situaciones clínicas que abarcan desde enfermedades crónicas hasta patologías quirúrgicas y situaciones especiales (obesidad, enfermedad renal crónica, trauma, cáncer) para evitar desenlaces adversos, tales como el tromboembolismo venoso, los estados hipercoagulables, el síndrome coronario agudo, la fibrilación y el aleteo (flutter) auricular, entre otros. En este sentido, la comprensión adecuada y la formulación de dosis óptimas de anticoagulantes recobran especial importancia. El objetivo de este trabajo fue revisar la evidencia proveniente de estudios clínicos sobre el papel de los principales anticoagulantes orales y parenterales en el contexto de los pacientes con indicación de anticoagulación por antecedentes patológicos, quirúrgicos y en situaciones especiales como las mencionadas. Existen diversos conceptos y recomendaciones sobre la profilaxis y el tratamiento anticoagulante en indicaciones habituales; sin embargo, se debe establecer un consenso de anticoagulación en situaciones especiales que se presentan en la práctica clínica diaria.

 

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Biografía del autor/a

Andrés Felipe Posada-López, Centros Especializados de San Vicente Fundación (CESVF) Rionegro, Antioquia

Médico, especialista en Medicina Interna. Profesor asistente, Fundación Universitaria San Martín, Sede Sabaneta; médico internista, Centros Especializados de San Vicente Fundación (CESVF) Rionegro, Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.

Julio César García C.,, Grupo de Investigación Evidencia Terapéutica, Universidad de La Sabana. Chía, Colombia.

Químico farmacéutico, médico especialista en Medicina Interna y en Farmacología Clínica. Jefe, Departamento de Farmacología Clínica y Terapéutica, Clínica Universidad de La Sabana; profesor asistente, Universidad de La Sabana; profesor asistente, Universidad El Bosque; director, Grupo de Investigación Evidencia Terapéutica, Universidad de La Sabana. Chía, Colombia.

Tatiana Pacheco P., Universidad de La Sabana. Bogotá, Colombia.

Médico, residente de Farmacología Clínica. Universidad de La Sabana. Bogotá, Colombia.

Sara Arias V., Estudiante de Medicina. Interno júnior, Servicio de Farmacología Clínica, Universidad de La Sabana. Bogotá, Colombia.

Estudiante de Medicina. Interno júnior, Servicio de Farmacología Clínica, Universidad de La Sabana. Bogotá, Colombia.

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Publicado

2017-04-25

Cómo citar

Posada-López, A. F., García C., J. C., Pacheco P., T., & Arias V., S. (2017). Farmacoterapéutica de la anticoagulación. Revisión de la literatura. Revista Colombiana De Enfermería, 14, 65–81. https://doi.org/10.18270/rce.v14i12.2029

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Sección

Articulos de Investigación