Análisis de concepto de “servicio de enfermería escolar en la atención de enfermedades transmisibles”
Palabras clave:
salud, educación, servicios de enfermería escolar, enfermedades transmisibles, formación de concepto, infecciones por vih, infecciones por papillomavirus, tuberculosis; Staphylococcus aureus resistente a meticilina, sarampión, noroviru, tos ferina, virus de hepatitisResumen
Introducción: Las enfermedades transmisibles han influido en el rendimiento escolar de los estudiantes. La enfermería escolar ofrece cuidados sistematizados para atender estas demandas, sin embargo, aún no hay un significado claro para esta acción. Frente a eso, este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar el concepto de “servicio de enfermería escolar en el cuidado de las enfermedades transmisibles”.
Materiales y Métodos: Este es un análisis de concepto basado en el marco de Walker y Avant. La operacionalización de esta propuesta se llevó a cabo mediante una revisión integradora con una búsqueda realizada en ocho bibliotecas/bases de datos. 20 artículos conformaron la muestra final, donde la lectura completa subsidió la ejecución de las etapas de análisis conceptual y los hallazgos fueron presentados en tablas y figuras resumen.
Resultados: Los usos del concepto están relacionados con enfermedades transmisibles en general o específicamente, como la tuberculosis, infección por Staphylococcus aureus resistente a meticilina, sarampión, virus del papiloma humano, norovirus, tos ferina, infección por VIH y hepatitis B y C. Se identificaron cuatro antecedentes, cuatro atributos y tres consecuentes. Se elaboraron tres casos ficticios (modelo, contrario e ilegítimo) y se identificaron 38 referentes empíricos.
Conclusión: El análisis permitió definir el concepto como acciones de enfermería dirigidas a la comunidad escolar a través de la planificación y ejecución de actividades de orientación y educación en salud, atención clínica, vigilancia epidemiológica y suministro de los recursos materiales necesarios.
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