El simio egoísta
críticas a la hipótesis del pensamiento maquiavélico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18270/rcfc.4414Palabras clave:
cognición animal, cooperación biológica, Tomasello, teoría de la mente, intencionalidad conjuntaResumen
El objetivo de este texto es mostrar que la hipótesis del pensamiento maquiavélico de Tomasello es equivocada. Para ello, presentaré críticas a cuatro puntos fundamentales de esta hipótesis: primero, la afirmación de que los primates no-humanos no pueden atribuir falsas creencias a otros (mindreading o ToM) en contextos cooperativos; segundo, que estos no sienten empatía por individuos fuera de su grupo; tercero, que no tienen sentido de justicia y, por último, que no poseen algún tipo de intencionalidad conjunta. Se concluye que la evidencia científica niega que la cognición de los primates no-humanos haya evolucionado en el contexto de la competencia por la búsqueda de alimentos y que, por ello, su pensamiento sea exclusivamente competitivo e individualista. Por ende, no es posible defender la hipótesis de Tomasello.
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