Cultura organizacional en Brasil, Argentina y México: un estudio comparativo en la industria automotriz.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18270/cuaderlam.v16i31.3196Palabras clave:
Cultura, Cultura Nacional, Dimensões de Cultura de HOfstedeResumen
Esta investigación tiene como objetivo comparar las dimensiones culturales de la industria automotriz en tres países, Brasil, Argentina, México y discutir el modelo de Hofstede. Se utilizaron dos técnicas de análisis, la primera descrita en el modelo de Hofstede y Minkov (2013) y la segunda utilizando la técnica estadística indicada por los críticos del modelo (McSweeney, 2013). Los resultados encontrados en las regiones de Brasil y México indican que en un mismo país pueden existir diferentes valores de dimensiones culturales. En cuanto a las críticas señaladas en la literatura sobre el modelo utilizado, este estudio encontró evidencia en línea con las críticas de que el modelo, aunque apunta a diferencias culturales, no se sustenta en diferencias estadísticamente significativas, para medir y comparar culturas entre países. Como contribución, este estudio indica la necesidad de que el modelo propuesto considere técnicas estadísticas robustas, muestreo probabilístico y técnicas de análisis estadístico comparativo para evitar errores de diagnóstico.
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Referencias bibliográficas
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Arz, C. (2017). Mechanisms of organizational culture for fostering corporate entrepreneurship: a systematic review and research agenda. Journal of Enterprising Culture. 25(4), 361-409.
Bearden, W. O., Money, R. B., & Nevins, J. L. (2006). Multidimensional versus unidimensional measures in assessing national culture values: The Hofstede VSM 94 example. Journal of Business Research, 59(2), 195-203.
Billing, T. K., Bhagat, R., Emin, B., Srivastava, B., Shin, M., & Brew, F. (2014). Work–family conflict in four national contexts: A closer look at the role of individualism–collectivism. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 14(2), 139–159.
Bresler, R. (2000). O pai e as organizações: práticas de poder no Brasil. Organização e Sociedade, 7(18), 125-140.
Bucker, J., Furrer, O., & Lin, Y. (2015). Measuring cultural intelligence (CQ): A new test of the CQ scale. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 15(3), 259-284.
Bye, H., Horverak, J. G., Sandal, G. M., Lackland, D. S., & Van de Vijver, F. J. (2014). Cultural fit and ethnic background in the job interview. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 14(1), 7-26.
Chen, A., Wu, I., & Bian, M. (2015). The moderating effects of active and agreeable conflict management styles on cultural intelligence and cross-cultural adjustment. Internat. Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 14(3), 270-288.
Chu, R. A., & Wood Jr., T. (2008). Cultura Organizacional Brasileira Pós-Globalização: Global ou Local. Revista da Adm. Pública, 42(5), 969-991.
Davel, E., & Vasconcelos, J. (1997). Gerência e autoridade nas empresas brasileiras: uma reflexão teórica e empírica sobre a dimensão paterna nas relações de trabalho. in F. Prestes Motta, & M. Caldas (Eds.), Cultura organizacional e cultura brasileira. São Paulo: Atlas.
Dalby, J.; Lueg, R.; Nielsen, L. S.; Pedersen, L. & Tomoni, A. C. (2014). National culture and business model change: a framework for successful expansions. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 22 (4), 463-483.
Dheer, R., Lenartowicz, T., Peterson, M. F., & Petrescu, M. (2014). Cultural regions of Canada and United States: Implications for international management research. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 14(3), 342-384.
Dirienzo, C., & Das, J. (2015). Innovation and role of corruption and diversity: A cross-country study. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 15(1), 51-72.
Dupuis, J. P. (2014). New approaches in cross-cultural management research: The importance of context and meaning in the perception of management styles. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 14(1), 67-84.
Epaminonda, E. (2014). Changes in authority relations when moving between more and less authoritarian cultures: The impact of Anglo-American education and return home. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 14(2), 173-193.
Fang, T. (2003). A critique of Hofstede’s fifth national culture dimension. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 3(3), 347-368.
Field, A. (2013). Discovering Statistics using IBM SPSS Statistics (4 ed.). Thousand Oaks: Sage.
Fisher, R., Ferreira, M. C., Assmar, E. M., Baris, G., Berberoglu, G., Daylan, F., & Boer, D. (2014). Organizational practices across cultures: An exploration in six cultural contexts. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 14(1), 105-125.
Galanou, E. N., & Farrag, D. (2015). Mapping and interpreting a decision-making framework for the implicit managerial theory in the Arab Gulf States: The case of Qatar. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 15(1), 73-99.
Hamilton, R.; Dana. L.P. & Benfell, C. (2008). Changing Cultures: An International Study of Migrant Entrepreneurs. Journal of Enterprising Culture.16 (1), 89-105.
Hill, P. M. (2014). The moral muteness of managers: An Anglo-American phenomenon? German and British managers and their moral reasoning about environmental sustainability in business. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 14(3), 289-305.
Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture’s consequences: International differences in work-related values. London: Sage Publications.
Hofstede, G., & Bond, M. H. (1988). The Confucius Connection: From cultural roots to economic growth. Organizational Dynamics, 16(4), 5-21.
Hofstede, G., Hofstede, J., & Minkov, M. (2010). Culture and organizations: software of the mind (3 ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Hofstede, G. (2013). Replicating and Extending Cross-National Value Studies: Rewards and Pitfalls - An Example from Middle East Studies. Academy of International Business Insights, 13(2), 5-7.
Hofstede, G., & Minkov, M. (2013). Values Survey Module 2013 Manual. Manual, VSM. Retrieved from http://geerthofstede.com/research-and-vsm/vsm-2013/
Hundley, G. & S. Hansen, D. (2012) Economic performance and the enterprise culture. Journal of Enterprising Culture. 20(3), 245-264.
Jentjens, S. B., & Brandl, J. (2015). Cross-cultural responses to performance appraisals in Germany and France: A refinement of the picture. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 15(3), 285-304.
Jönsson, S., Muhonen, T., Denti, L., & Chen, K. (2015). Social climate and job control as mediators between empowering leadership and learning from a cross-cultural perspective. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 15(2), 135-149.
Lai, W.H. & Yang, C.W. (2017). Barriers expatriates encounter during cross-cultural interactions. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 25(3), 239-261.
Kemp, L. J., Madsen, S. R., & Davis, J. (2015). Women in business leadership: A comparative study of countries in the Gulf Arab states. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 15(2), 215-233.
Kogut, B., & Singh, H. (1988). The effect of national culture on the choice of entry mode. Journal of International Business Studies, 19(3), 411-432.
McSweeney, B. (2013). Fashion founded on a flaw: the ecological mono-deterministic fallacy of Hofstede, GLOBE, and followers. International Marketing Review, 30(5), 483-504.
Mahadevan, J. (2015). Understanding the process of intercultural negotiations through liminality: Insights on biculturality, marginality and cultural expertise from a Sino-German business context. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 15(3), 239-258.
Malik, A. R., C, T. H., & Zikic, J. (2014). The neglected role of cultural intelligence in recent immigrant new comers’socialization. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 14(2), 195-213.
Martin, J. G., & Karen, L. N. (2002). Handbook of Cross-Cultural Management. UK: Blackwell Publishers.
Mederer, D., Holtbrügge, D., & Shuster, T. (2014). Professional football squads as multicultural teams: Cultural diversity, intercultural experience and team performance. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 14(1), 215-238.
Minkov, M., & Hofstede, G. (2014). A replication of Hofstede’s uncertainty avoidance dimension across nationally representative samples from Europe. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 14(2), 161-171.
Mueller, J.; Zapkau, F. B. & Schwens, C. (2014). Entrepreneurial Exposure on Entrepreneurial Intention — Cross-Cultural Evidence, Journal of Enterprising Culture, 22 (3), 251-282.
Ong, J. W. & Ismail, H. B. (2012). Entrepreneurial traits and firm serendipity-seeking on SME's performance: the effect of firm size. Journal of Enterprising Culture. 20 (3), 265-286.
Pekerti, A., & Thomas, D. C. (2015). The role of self-concept in cross-cultural communication. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 15(2), 167-193.
Shaw, J. B., Erickson, A., & Nasirzadeh, F. (2015). Destructive leader behavior: A comparison of Australian, American, and Iranian leaders using the Destructive Leadership Questionnaire. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 15(3), 329-345.
Silverthorne, C. P. (2005). Organizational Psychology in Cross-Cultural Perspective. New York: New York University Press.
St-Jean, E.; Julien, P.A. & Audet, J. (2008) Factors associated with growth changes in "gazelles". Journal of Enterprising Culture. 16 (2), 161-188.
Spector, P. E., Cooper, C. L., & Sparks, K. (2001). An international study of the psychometric properties of the Hofstede Values Survey Module 1994: A comparison of individual and country/province level results. Applied Psychology, 50(2), 269-281.
Taras, V., Kirkman, B., & Steel, P. (2010). Examining the impact of culture’s consequences: A three-decade, multilevel, meta-analytic review of Hofstede’s cultural value dimensions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 95(3), 405-439.
Vollmer, A., & Wolf, P. (2015). Adaption of conflict management styles during the encounter of cultures: Findings from a Russian–West European case study. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 15(2), 151-166.
Walker, D. M., Walker, T., & Schmitz, J. (2003). Doing Business Internationally: The Guide to Cross-Cultural Success (2 ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Alcadipani, R., & Crubellate, J. M. (2003). Cultura Organizacional: Generalizações Improváveis e conceituações imprecisas. Revista Adm. Empresas, 43(2), 64-77.
Arz, C. (2017). Mechanisms of organizational culture for fostering corporate entrepreneurship: a systematic review and research agenda. Journal of Enterprising Culture. 25(4), 361-409.
Bearden, W. O., Money, R. B., & Nevins, J. L. (2006). Multidimensional versus unidimensional measures in assessing national culture values: The Hofstede VSM 94 example. Journal of Business Research, 59(2), 195-203.
Billing, T. K., Bhagat, R., Emin, B., Srivastava, B., Shin, M., & Brew, F. (2014). Work–family conflict in four national contexts: A closer look at the role of individualism–collectivism. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 14(2), 139–159.
Bresler, R. (2000). O pai e as organizações: práticas de poder no Brasil. Organização e Sociedade, 7(18), 125-140.
Bucker, J., Furrer, O., & Lin, Y. (2015). Measuring cultural intelligence (CQ): A new test of the CQ scale. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 15(3), 259-284.
Bye, H., Horverak, J. G., Sandal, G. M., Lackland, D. S., & Van de Vijver, F. J. (2014). Cultural fit and ethnic background in the job interview. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 14(1), 7-26.
Chen, A., Wu, I., & Bian, M. (2015). The moderating effects of active and agreeable conflict management styles on cultural intelligence and cross-cultural adjustment. Internat. Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 14(3), 270-288.
Chu, R. A., & Wood Jr., T. (2008). Cultura Organizacional Brasileira Pós-Globalização: Global ou Local. Revista da Adm. Pública, 42(5), 969-991.
Davel, E., & Vasconcelos, J. (1997). Gerência e autoridade nas empresas brasileiras: uma reflexão teórica e empírica sobre a dimensão paterna nas relações de trabalho. in F. Prestes Motta, & M. Caldas (Eds.), Cultura organizacional e cultura brasileira. São Paulo: Atlas.
Dalby, J.; Lueg, R.; Nielsen, L. S.; Pedersen, L. & Tomoni, A. C. (2014). National culture and business model change: a framework for successful expansions. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 22 (4), 463-483.
Dheer, R., Lenartowicz, T., Peterson, M. F., & Petrescu, M. (2014). Cultural regions of Canada and United States: Implications for international management research. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 14(3), 342-384.
Dirienzo, C., & Das, J. (2015). Innovation and role of corruption and diversity: A cross-country study. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 15(1), 51-72.
Dupuis, J. P. (2014). New approaches in cross-cultural management research: The importance of context and meaning in the perception of management styles. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 14(1), 67-84.
Epaminonda, E. (2014). Changes in authority relations when moving between more and less authoritarian cultures: The impact of Anglo-American education and return home. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 14(2), 173-193.
Fang, T. (2003). A critique of Hofstede’s fifth national culture dimension. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 3(3), 347-368.
Field, A. (2013). Discovering Statistics using IBM SPSS Statistics (4 ed.). Thousand Oaks: Sage.
Fisher, R., Ferreira, M. C., Assmar, E. M., Baris, G., Berberoglu, G., Daylan, F., & Boer, D. (2014). Organizational practices across cultures: An exploration in six cultural contexts. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 14(1), 105-125.
Galanou, E. N., & Farrag, D. (2015). Mapping and interpreting a decision-making framework for the implicit managerial theory in the Arab Gulf States: The case of Qatar. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 15(1), 73-99.
Hamilton, R.; Dana. L.P. & Benfell, C. (2008). Changing Cultures: An International Study of Migrant Entrepreneurs. Journal of Enterprising Culture.16 (1), 89-105.
Hill, P. M. (2014). The moral muteness of managers: An Anglo-American phenomenon? German and British managers and their moral reasoning about environmental sustainability in business. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 14(3), 289-305.
Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture’s consequences: International differences in work-related values. London: Sage Publications.
Hofstede, G., & Bond, M. H. (1988). The Confucius Connection: From cultural roots to economic growth. Organizational Dynamics, 16(4), 5-21.
Hofstede, G., Hofstede, J., & Minkov, M. (2010). Culture and organizations: software of the mind (3 ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Hofstede, G. (2013). Replicating and Extending Cross-National Value Studies: Rewards and Pitfalls - An Example from Middle East Studies. Academy of International Business Insights, 13(2), 5-7.
Hofstede, G., & Minkov, M. (2013). Values Survey Module 2013 Manual. Manual, VSM. Retrieved from http://geerthofstede.com/research-and-vsm/vsm-2013/
Hundley, G. & S. Hansen, D. (2012) Economic performance and the enterprise culture. Journal of Enterprising Culture. 20(3), 245-264.
Jentjens, S. B., & Brandl, J. (2015). Cross-cultural responses to performance appraisals in Germany and France: A refinement of the picture. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 15(3), 285-304.
Jönsson, S., Muhonen, T., Denti, L., & Chen, K. (2015). Social climate and job control as mediators between empowering leadership and learning from a cross-cultural perspective. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 15(2), 135-149.
Lai, W.H. & Yang, C.W. (2017). Barriers expatriates encounter during cross-cultural interactions. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 25(3), 239-261.
Kemp, L. J., Madsen, S. R., & Davis, J. (2015). Women in business leadership: A comparative study of countries in the Gulf Arab states. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 15(2), 215-233.
Kogut, B., & Singh, H. (1988). The effect of national culture on the choice of entry mode. Journal of International Business Studies, 19(3), 411-432.
McSweeney, B. (2013). Fashion founded on a flaw: the ecological mono-deterministic fallacy of Hofstede, GLOBE, and followers. International Marketing Review, 30(5), 483-504.
Mahadevan, J. (2015). Understanding the process of intercultural negotiations through liminality: Insights on biculturality, marginality and cultural expertise from a Sino-German business context. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 15(3), 239-258.
Malik, A. R., C, T. H., & Zikic, J. (2014). The neglected role of cultural intelligence in recent immigrant new comers’socialization. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 14(2), 195-213.
Martin, J. G., & Karen, L. N. (2002). Handbook of Cross-Cultural Management. UK: Blackwell Publishers.
Mederer, D., Holtbrügge, D., & Shuster, T. (2014). Professional football squads as multicultural teams: Cultural diversity, intercultural experience and team performance. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 14(1), 215-238.
Minkov, M., & Hofstede, G. (2014). A replication of Hofstede’s uncertainty avoidance dimension across nationally representative samples from Europe. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 14(2), 161-171.
Mueller, J.; Zapkau, F. B. & Schwens, C. (2014). Entrepreneurial Exposure on Entrepreneurial Intention — Cross-Cultural Evidence, Journal of Enterprising Culture, 22 (3), 251-282.
Ong, J. W. & Ismail, H. B. (2012). Entrepreneurial traits and firm serendipity-seeking on SME's performance: the effect of firm size. Journal of Enterprising Culture. 20 (3), 265-286.
Pekerti, A., & Thomas, D. C. (2015). The role of self-concept in cross-cultural communication. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 15(2), 167-193.
Shaw, J. B., Erickson, A., & Nasirzadeh, F. (2015). Destructive leader behavior: A comparison of Australian, American, and Iranian leaders using the Destructive Leadership Questionnaire. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 15(3), 329-345.
Silverthorne, C. P. (2005). Organizational Psychology in Cross-Cultural Perspective. New York: New York University Press.
St-Jean, E.; Julien, P.A. & Audet, J. (2008) Factors associated with growth changes in "gazelles". Journal of Enterprising Culture. 16 (2), 161-188.
Spector, P. E., Cooper, C. L., & Sparks, K. (2001). An international study of the psychometric properties of the Hofstede Values Survey Module 1994: A comparison of individual and country/province level results. Applied Psychology, 50(2), 269-281.
Taras, V., Kirkman, B., & Steel, P. (2010). Examining the impact of culture’s consequences: A three-decade, multilevel, meta-analytic review of Hofstede’s cultural value dimensions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 95(3), 405-439.
Vollmer, A., & Wolf, P. (2015). Adaption of conflict management styles during the encounter of cultures: Findings from a Russian–West European case study. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 15(2), 151-166.
Walker, D. M., Walker, T., & Schmitz, J. (2003). Doing Business Internationally: The Guide to Cross-Cultural Success (2 ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
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Publicado
2021-02-02
Cómo citar
La Falce, J. L., Mesquita, S. R. de L., De Muylder, C. F., Silva, J. T. M., Verwaal, E., & Lima, V. L. C. (2021). Cultura organizacional en Brasil, Argentina y México: un estudio comparativo en la industria automotriz. Cuadernos Latinoamericanos De Administración, 16(31). https://doi.org/10.18270/cuaderlam.v16i31.3196
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